![]() ![]() Therefore, employing a more finely grained, objective, clinical symptom characterization which is more relatable to neurobehavioral concepts is of central significance. Identification of core ASD subtypes/endophenotypes and a precise description of symptoms is the necessary next step to advance diagnostic classification systems. Thus, a more precise, quantitative description and more objective measurement of symptoms are suggested that define the clinical ASD phenotype. This could limit our understanding of etiology and biological pathways of ASD and bears the risk that precision medicine, i.e., a targeted approach for individual treatment strategies based on precise diagnostic markers, is more far from becoming reality. For research, the hypothesis is that the specificity of ASD will be reduced and this will additional increase the already high heterogeneity with the effect that replication of studies will be hampered. This bears a large danger of false positive diagnoses, of further increased prevalence rates, limitations of access to ASD-specific services and of increasing the non-specificity of treatments. It contains many vague and subjective concepts that lead to non-falsifiable diagnoses. It moves away from an observable, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental disorder to a disorder of inner experience that can hardly be measured objectively. The clinical utility is questionable as this conceptualization can hardly be differentiated from other mental disorders and autism-like traits. By guiding the user through the ICD-11 text, it is argued that, in contrast to DSM-5, ICD-11 allows a high variety in symptom combinations, which results in an operationalization of ASD that is in favor of an extreme diverse picture, yet possibly at the expense of precision, including unforeseeable effects on clinical practice, care, and research. If you suspect that you or someone you know may have ASD, it's important to seek a professional evaluation from a qualified healthcare provider.This perspective article compares and contrasts the conceptualization of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in ICD-11 and DSM-5. The DSM-5-TR criteria have changed from previous versions of the DSM, eliminating subcategories such as Asperger's syndrome and PDD-NOS. The criteria include deficits in social communication and social interaction, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. In conclusion, the DSM-5-TR provides the diagnostic criteria for autism diagnosis. However, these subcategories were eliminated in DSM-5-TR, and all cases are now classified under the umbrella term of autism. The previous version, DSM-IV, had subcategories for autism, including Asperger's syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). It's important to note that the DSM-5-TR criteria for autism diagnosis have changed from previous versions of the DSM. ![]() The severity of the symptoms is also taken into account when making a diagnosis. To receive a diagnosis of ASD, a person must exhibit symptoms in both of these categories. Hyper- or hypo-reactivity to sensory input: People with ASD may have heightened or decreased sensitivity to sensory input, such as noise or touch. ![]()
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